Domestic Marine fishing boat portable fire extinguisher equipped

The internal structure of fishing vessels is complex, the passage is narrow, and the risk of fire is much greater than that of land, and when the ship works at sea, it usually can only rely on self-rescue to extinguish the fire after the fire occurs, so the fire fighting equipment is the basic guarantee for the safe navigation and operation of the ship. According to statistics, 3% to 4% of fishing boat accidents are caused by fire. Portable fire extinguishers are widely used in fishing boats because of their small size, light weight, rapid hand-held movement and high local fire extinguishing effectiveness. Therefore, the configuration of portable fire extinguishers in accordance with the law is directly related to whether the fishing vessel is immediately available at the critical moment in the event of a fire. In recent years, the National fishery Machinery and Instrument Quality supervision and Inspection Center, entrusted by the competent authorities of the industry, has carried out sampling inspection on the effectiveness of the allocation of fire extinguishers on 187 domestic fishing boats in 59 fishing ports in 11 coastal provinces and cities in China. The inspection showed that the condition of the fishing vessel's fire-fighting equipment was not satisfactory. The National Fishery Machinery and Instruments Quality Supervision and Inspection Center conducted sampling inspection of 1037 portable fire extinguishers on 187 Marine fishing boats in 59 fishing ports in 11 coastal provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and the inspection items were the number and type of equipment, the rationality of layout, the status of certification, the validity of type approval, the technical status, the filling amount, and the validity of annual inspection. A total of 21 fishing boats met the requirements, with a passing rate of only 11.2 percent. According to the statistics of inspection items, 64.2% of fishing vessels have problems with the "number and type of configuration", 57.2% have problems with the "rationality of layout", 57.2% have problems with the "certificate", 14.4% have problems with the "appearance", and 46.0% have problems with the "effectiveness" of fishing vessels. 11.2% of fishing vessels had problems with "pressure indicators" and 41.2% had problems with "weight/capacity requirements". The statistics of random inspection items and existing problems are shown in the following table. Table fishing boat portable fire extinguisher sampling inspection problem items statistics

One of the main problems is that the place and number of fire extinguishers do not meet the requirements. The number of portable fire extinguishers equipped in different locations of the fishing vessel is an important indicator, which is directly related to the crew's ability to immediately obtain fire extinguishers near the fire site to extinguish the fire, and the amount of basic agents required to extinguish the fire. The Statutory Inspection Rules for Fishing Vessels (2017 edition) clearly stipulates the number of portable fire extinguishers equipped on fishing vessels of different captains. Key places for the navigation of the ship, including living quarters, service control stations, and machinery Spaces, shall be configured according to regulations according to the captain, and at least one of them shall be stored near the entrance of the place. It is found that the insufficient number of fire extinguishers on fishing boats is common. Among the 187 fishing vessels inspected, 120 fishing vessels did not meet the requirements for the number of fire extinguishers, accounting for 64.2% of the total fishing vessels inspected, of which 16 fishing vessels lacked two or more fire extinguishers. The Rules also stipulate that the environment in which the fire extinguisher is placed should not hinder the normal access of the user, there should be no accumulation of debris, and the storage rack of the fire extinguisher should not be locked. In the spot check, it was found that the portable fire extinguisher was placed in a poor environment on the ship, and the fire extinguisher was fixed by tying the fire extinguisher, and the fire extinguisher was completely placed in a box with a lock, and the fire extinguisher was stored in a place where it could not be accessed normally. Third, the annual inspection is not carried out in accordance with the provisions. The "Statutory Inspection Rules for Fishery Vessels" (2017 edition) stipulates that fire extinguishers equipped with fishing vessels should be inspected once a year. The inspection found that the number of fire extinguishers without annual inspection information reached 216, more than 20% of the total number of random checks. As the fire extinguisher cylinder is a pressure vessel, the degree of corrosion of the cylinder directly affects its mechanical strength, and according to the provisions of article 6.3 of the land standard "GA 95-2007 Fire extinguisher Maintenance and Scrapping Regulations", hydraulic test is required during the maintenance of the fire extinguisher. The corrosion of the handle and the safety device is more common in the inspection, and there is no maintenance certificate for the seriously corroded fire extinguishers; The corrosion of this part is easy to cause the safety release force and opening force to increase when the fire extinguisher is sprayed, resulting in the safety device "stuck", and the safety device cannot be pulled out or the pressure handle cannot be pressed. Some fire extinguishers have missing safety devices and lead seals, and many fire extinguisher pressure indicators point to the red zone, i.e. undervoltage. The main reason for this situation is that the fire extinguisher is not repaired and filled in time after being used or mistakenly triggered, resulting in the failure of the fire extinguisher. Fourth, the filling amount of fire extinguisher agent is insufficient. The filling amount of portable fire extinguishers in the Statutory Inspection Rules for Fishery Vessels (2017 edition) regulations is defined as follows: "The capacity of the portable liquid fire extinguisher should not be greater than 13.5L and not less than 9L, and the fire extinguishing performance of other fire extinguishers should be at least equivalent to that of the 9L liquid fire extinguisher", and the "equivalent to the 9L liquid fire extinguisher" is also explained in the "CCS Ship Fire Guide" (1999 edition) specification. That is, the fire extinguishing performance of the 9L hand-held liquid fire extinguisher is equivalent to that of the 5kg hand-held dry powder fire extinguisher and the 5kg hand-held CO 2 fire extinguisher. The fire extinguishers equipped on fishing boats are mainly divided into water-based fire extinguishers, CO 2 fire extinguishers and dry powder fire extinguishers, of which dry powder fire extinguishers are the most widely configured. In the process of spot checking, it was found that the filling amount of dry powder fire extinguishers currently applied to fishing boats was uneven, with the filling amount down to 2kg and up to 8kg. The filling amount of the fire extinguisher directly determines its effective injection time and fire extinguishing performance, so the total amount of filling of ships with different captains is stipulated in the regulations. If the total amount is too small, the effective extinguishing time of the fire extinguisher is bound to be reduced. Countermeasures and suggestions one is to clarify responsibilities and strengthen the supervision and management of fishing boats. In view of the current situation of low effectiveness and insufficient quantity of portable fire extinguishers on fishing boats, the competent departments at all levels should clarify their responsibilities, regularly carry out law enforcement inspections of fire fighting equipment such as portable fire extinguishers on fishing boats in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, propose solutions to major hidden dangers found by inspection, and rectify them within a time limit; Those who refuse to rectify or delay the rectification shall be prohibited from leaving the port. In addition, in accordance with the way that many countries in the world emphasize the strengthening of port state supervision, the supervision of fishing vessels in fishing ports can be strengthened, and the defective vessels shall be listed as retaining defects and prohibited from leaving the port. The second is to strengthen spot checks on the distribution points of Marine products in fishing ports and eliminate fake and shoddy fire extinguishers on board. The distribution point of the port is the centralized point of sale of Marine products, but also the main source of inferior Marine products. The competent department of fishery vessels may, through joint market supervision departments, conduct spot checks on port distribution points to eliminate the existence of fake and shoddy fire extinguishers in fishing ports. Can find out the quality of Marine products sold in the port, and guide fishermen to buy Marine products correctly. Local fishery authorities at all levels may purchase samples in the form of surprise visits to Marine product sales points around the port, and send the samples to third-party quality inspection institutions for testing. For the sales points with problems in the test results, it is suggested that the market supervision department should deal with them, so as to eliminate fake and shoddy fire extinguishers on board, and escort the safety of fishermen's production and operation. The third is to improve fishermen's awareness of fire prevention. Once a fire occurs when a fishing boat is sailing in the vast sea, it will often cause a great harm to the ship and people. However, the probability of fire is relatively low, and fire fighting equipment does not directly produce economic benefits, so fishermen often regard the quantity of fire fighting equipment as the basic condition for passing the inspection of fishing boats, and lack sufficient attention to its quality and daily maintenance and other configuration effectiveness. Therefore, the competent authorities of the industry can strengthen the training and education of fishermen on fire prevention through newspapers, newspapers, television, Internet and other media, carry out fire prevention publicity month activities in fishing villages and fishing ports every year, and continuously improve the awareness of fishermen on fire prevention and disaster prevention through various ways such as Posting posters in fishing ports and distributing publicity brochures to fishermen. On fishing boats and in fishing ports, a good atmosphere is formed for everyone to start from themselves and jointly safeguard the safety of fishing boats.